Thomas W. Gardner All publications ( 49 ) Gardner TW. Antonetti DA. A prize catch for diabetic retinopathy. 2007 Feb. Nat Med. 13(2):131-2. Hong EG. Jung DY. Ko HJ. Zhang Z. Ma Z. Jun JY. Kim JH. Sumner AD. Vary TC. Gardner TW. Bronson SK. Kim JK. Nonobese, insulin-deficient Ins2Akita mice develop type 2 diabetes phenotypes including insulin resistance and cardiac remodeling. 2007 Dec. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 293(6):E1687-96. Xu Y. Ola MS. Berkich DA. Gardner TW. Barber AJ. Palmieri F. Hutson SM. LaNoue KF. Energy sources for glutamate neurotransmission in the retina: absence of the aspartate/glutamate carrier produces reliance on glycolysis in glia. 2007 Apr. J Neurochem. 101(1):120-31. National Eye Institute National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Antonetti DA. Barber AJ. Bronson SK. Freeman WM. Gardner TW. Jefferson LS. Kester M. Kimball SR. Krady JK. LaNoue KF. Norbury CC. Quinn PG. Sandirasegarane L. Simpson IA. JDRF Diabetic Retinopathy Center Group. Diabetic retinopathy: seeing beyond glucose-induced microvascular disease. 2006 Sep. Diabetes. 55(9):2401-11. National Eye Institute Harhaj NS. Felinski EA. Wolpert EB. Sundstrom JM. Gardner TW. Antonetti DA. VEGF activation of protein kinase C stimulates occludin phosphorylation and contributes to endothelial permeability. 2006 Nov. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 47(11):5106-15. National Eye Institute Gardner TW. Sander B. Larsen ML. Kunselman A. Tenhave T. Lund-Andersen H. Reimers J. Hubbard L. Blankenship GW. Quillen DA. Brod RD. Wilmarth MH. Post-Hansen H. Parving HH. Davis MD. An extension of the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) system for grading of diabetic macular edema in the Astemizole Retinopathy Trial. 2006 Jun. Curr Eye Res. 31(6):535-47. Ola MS. Berkich DA. Xu Y. King MT. Gardner TW. Simpson I. LaNoue KF. Analysis of glucose metabolism in diabetic rat retinas. 2006 Jun. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 290(6):E1057-67. Fox TE. Han X. Kelly S. Merrill AH. Martin RE. Anderson RE. Gardner TW. Kester M. Diabetes alters sphingolipid metabolism in the retina: a potential mechanism of cell death in diabetic retinopathy. 2006 Dec. Diabetes. 55(12):3573-80. National Institute on Aging National Eye Institute National Center for Research Resources Gardner TW. Antonetti DA. Ruboxistaurin for diabetic retinopathy. 2006 Dec. Ophthalmology. 113(12):2135-6. Reiter CE. Wu X. Sandirasegarane L. Nakamura M. Gilbert KA. Singh RS. Fort PE. Antonetti DA. Gardner TW. Diabetes reduces basal retinal insulin receptor signaling: reversal with systemic and local insulin. 2006 Apr. Diabetes. 55(4):1148-56. National Eye Institute National Institute of General Medical Sciences Krady JK. Basu A. Allen CM. Xu Y. LaNoue KF. Gardner TW. Levison SW. Minocycline reduces proinflammatory cytokine expression, microglial activation, and caspase-3 activation in a rodent model of diabetic retinopathy. 2005 May. Diabetes. 54(5):1559-65. Barber AJ. Antonetti DA. Kern TS. Reiter CE. Soans RS. Krady JK. Levison SW. Gardner TW. Bronson SK. The Ins2Akita mouse as a model of early retinal complications in diabetes. 2005 Jun. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 46(6):2210-8. National Eye Institute Wu X. Reiter CE. Antonetti DA. Kimball SR. Jefferson LS. Gardner TW. Insulin promotes rat retinal neuronal cell survival in a p70S6K-dependent manner. 2004 Mar 5. J Biol Chem. 279(10):9167-75. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Eye Institute DeMaio L. Tarbell JM. Scaduto RC. Gardner TW. Antonetti DA. A transmural pressure gradient induces mechanical and biological adaptive responses in endothelial cells. 2004 Feb. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 286(2):H731-41. National Eye Institute National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Reiter CE. Sandirasegarane L. Wolpert EB. Klinger M. Simpson IA. Barber AJ. Antonetti DA. Kester M. Gardner TW. Characterization of insulin signaling in rat retina in vivo and ex vivo. 2003 Oct. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 285(4):E763-74. National Institute of General Medical Sciences Bronson SK. Reiter CE. Gardner TW. An eye on insulin. 2003 Jun. J Clin Invest. 111(12):1817-9. Yin S. Gardner TW. Thomas TO. Kolanda K. Light scatter causes the grayness of detached retinas: implications for vision loss in retinal detachment. 2003 Jul. Arch Ophthalmol. 121(7):1002-8. Reiter CE. Gardner TW. Functions of insulin and insulin receptor signaling in retina: possible implications for diabetic retinopathy. 2003 Jul. Prog Retin Eye Res. 22(4):545-62. National Eye Institute Diduszyn JM. Quillen DA. Cantore WA. Gardner TW. Optic disk drusen, peripapillary choroidal neovascularization, and POEMS syndrome. 2002 Feb. Am J Ophthalmol. 133(2):275-6. Gardner TW. Antonetti DA. Barber AJ. LaNoue KF. Levison SW. Diabetic retinopathy: more than meets the eye. 2002 Dec. Surv Ophthalmol. 47 Suppl 2:S253-62. National Eye Institute Nakamura M. Barber AJ. Antonetti DA. LaNoue KF. Robinson KA. Buse MG. Gardner TW. Excessive hexosamines block the neuroprotective effect of insulin and induce apoptosis in retinal neurons. 2001 Nov 23. J Biol Chem. 276(47):43748-55. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Eye Institute DeMaio L. Chang YS. Gardner TW. Tarbell JM. Antonetti DA. Shear stress regulates occludin content and phosphorylation. 2001 Jul. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 281(1):H105-13. National Eye Institute National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Barber AJ. Nakamura M. Wolpert EB. Reiter CE. Seigel GM. Antonetti DA. Gardner TW. Insulin rescues retinal neurons from apoptosis by a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt-mediated mechanism that reduces the activation of caspase-3. 2001 Aug 31. J Biol Chem. 276(35):32814-21. National Eye Institute Barber AJ. Antonetti DA. Gardner TW. Altered expression of retinal occludin and glial fibrillary acidic protein in experimental diabetes. The Penn State Retina Research Group. 2000 Oct. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 41(11):3561-8. National Eye Institute Chang YS. Munn LL. Hillsley MV. Dull RO. Yuan J. Lakshminarayanan S. Gardner TW. Jain RK. Tarbell JM. Effect of vascular endothelial growth factor on cultured endothelial cell monolayer transport properties. 2000 Mar. Microvasc Res. 59(2):265-77. National Eye Institute National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institute of General Medical Sciences Lieth E. Gardner TW. Barber AJ. Antonetti DA. Penn State Retina Research Group. Retinal neurodegeneration: early pathology in diabetes. 2000 Feb. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol. 28(1):3-8. Lakshminarayanan S. Gardner TW. Tarbell JM. Effect of shear stress on the hydraulic conductivity of cultured bovine retinal microvascular endothelial cell monolayers. 2000 Dec. Curr Eye Res. 21(6):944-51. National Eye Institute National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Lakshminarayanan S. Antonetti DA. Gardner TW. Tarbell JM. Effect of VEGF on retinal microvascular endothelial hydraulic conductivity: the role of NO. 2000 Dec. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 41(13):4256-61. National Eye Institute National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Gardner TW. Antonetti DA. Barber AJ. LaNoue KF. Nakamura M. New insights into the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy: potential cell-specific therapeutic targets. 2000. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2(4):601-8. National Eye Institute Antonetti DA. Lieth E. Barber AJ. Gardner TW. Molecular mechanisms of vascular permeability in diabetic retinopathy. 1999 Dec. Semin Ophthalmol. 14(4):240-8. Antonetti DA. Barber AJ. Hollinger LA. Wolpert EB. Gardner TW. Vascular endothelial growth factor induces rapid phosphorylation of tight junction proteins occludin and zonula occluden 1. A potential mechanism for vascular permeability in diabetic retinopathy and tumors. 1999 Aug 13. J Biol Chem. 274(33):23463-7. National Eye Institute Gardner TW. Antonetti DA. Barber AJ. Lieth E. Tarbell JA. The molecular structure and function of the inner blood-retinal barrier. Penn State Retina Research Group. 1999. Doc Ophthalmol. 97(3-4):229-37. Neely KA. Gardner TW. Ocular neovascularization: clarifying complex interactions. 1998 Sep. Am J Pathol. 153(3):665-70. Neely KA. Quillen DA. Schachat AP. Gardner TW. Blankenship GW. Diabetic retinopathy. 1998 Jul. Med Clin North Am. 82(4):847-76. Antonetti DA. Barber AJ. Khin S. Lieth E. Tarbell JM. Gardner TW. Vascular permeability in experimental diabetes is associated with reduced endothelial occludin content: vascular endothelial growth factor decreases occludin in retinal endothelial cells. Penn State Retina Research Group. 1998 Dec. Diabetes. 47(12):1953-9. National Eye Institute Barber AJ. Lieth E. Khin SA. Antonetti DA. Buchanan AG. Gardner TW. Neural apoptosis in the retina during experimental and human diabetes. Early onset and effect of insulin. 1998 Aug 15. J Clin Invest. 102(4):783-91. National Eye Institute Gardner TW. Lieth E. Khin SA. Barber AJ. Bonsall DJ. Lesher T. Rice K. Brennan WA. Astrocytes increase barrier properties and ZO-1 expression in retinal vascular endothelial cells. 1997 Oct. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 38(11):2423-7. National Eye Institute Yaccino JA. Chang YS. Hollis TM. Gardner TW. Tarbell JM. Physiological transport properties of cultured retinal microvascular endothelial cell monolayers. 1997 Aug. Curr Eye Res. 16(8):761-8. National Eye Institute National Institute of General Medical Sciences Quillen DA. Gass DM. Brod RD. Gardner TW. Blankenship GW. Gottlieb JL. Central serous chorioretinopathy in women. 1996 Jan. Ophthalmology. 103(1):72-9. Gardner TW. Lesher T. Khin S. Vu C. Barber AJ. Brennan WA. Histamine reduces ZO-1 tight-junction protein expression in cultured retinal microvascular endothelial cells. 1996 Dec 15. Biochem J. 320 ( Pt 3):717-21. National Eye Institute Gardner TW. Miller ML. Cunningham D. Blankenship GW. The retinal depression sign in diabetic retinopathy. 1995 Oct. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 233(10):617-20. Gardner TW. Klein R. Moss SE. Ferris FL. Remaley NA. Digoxin does not accelerate progression of diabetic retinopathy. 1995 Feb. Diabetes Care. 18(2):237-40. National Eye Institute Gardner TW. Eller AW. Friberg TR. D'Antonio JA. Hollis TM. Antihistamines reduce blood-retinal barrier permeability in type I (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients with nonproliferative retinopathy. A pilot study. 1995. Retina. 15(2):134-40. National Eye Institute Quillen DA. Gardner TW. Blankenship GW. Marshall WK. A method for real-time intraocular pressure monitoring during scleral buckling surgery. 1993 Nov. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 231(11):671-3. Gardner TW. Quillen DA. Blankenship GW. Marshall WK. Intraocular pressure fluctuations during scleral buckling surgery. 1993 Jul. Ophthalmology. 100(7):1050-4. Hollis TM. Sill HW. Butler C. Campos MJ. Gardner TW. Astemizole reduces blood-retinal barrier leakage in experimental diabetes. 1992 Oct-Dec. J Diabetes Complications. 6(4):230-5. Enea NA. Hollis TM. Kern JA. Gardner TW. Histamine H1 receptors mediate increased blood-retinal barrier permeability in experimental diabetes. 1989 Feb. Arch Ophthalmol. 107(2):270-4. Hollis TM. Gardner TW. Vergis GJ. Kirbo BJ. Butler C. Dull RO. Campos MJ. Enea NA. Antihistamines reverse blood-ocular barrier breakdown in experimental diabetes. 1988 Jan-Mar. J Diabet Complications. 2(1):47-9. Carroll WJ. Hollis TM. Gardner TW. Retinal histamine synthesis is increased in experimental diabetes. 1988 Aug. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 29(8):1201-4.